Harvard KAU - a reference manual from Karlstad University Library

The reference to a journal article is very similar to a reference to a book. Journal and book titles are written in italics in the Harvard system. In the reference list, all authors of the article should be included in the reference, but use et al. in your text  if there are more than two authors.

Note: Minimal capitalisation is recommended for the titles of articles; maximal capitalisation is used for journal titles.

In-text citation

Reference list

A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a unique identifier with a more stable link to a publication than a URL. If a DOI is provided for a source then it should be given in the reference list entry. Date of retrieval is not required if providing a DOI. No concluding full stop is necessary following a DOI.

In-text citation

Reference list

If an article is missing a DOI, you can look it up in this webplace:

• Crossref

Sometimes there is no volume  indication for certain journals, in that case, just enter the number in brackets.

In-text citation

Reference list

Articles prepublished online, before printing, get the phrase [epub ahead of print] directly after the article's title. This type of publication may lack data about volume, number or pages. If there is a DOI then it should be stated last in the reference.

In-text citation

Reference list

Referencing newspaper articles is very similar to citing journal articles. Many newspapers are daily publications therefore the date of the newspaper and the page number must be included.

In-text citation

Reference list

Content may differ between paper and web version so you should have a URL to the article if you read it on the web. If the complete URL becomes very long, you can specify a shortened URL.

In-text citation

Reference list

If there is no author for the article, the reference is placed on the title of the newspaper.